第一课 学习指南

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THE MEANING OF THE WORD “BAPTISM” “洗”的意思

COMMON USE OF THE TERM “BAPTISM” “洗”的常见用法

The Greek Word βαπτίζω 希腊词语βαπτίζω

  1. Used in the NT exactly ______ times

    新约当中共出现______次

  2. In most cases it is simply _________ as “baptize” in the English Bibles.

    大多数时候，英文圣经译本中只是简单地_______为“洗”。

  3. What are the three exceptions?

    三处例外是什么？

LUKE 11:38-39 路加福音 11:38-39  

The Pharisee, noticing that Jesus did not first wash [Greek: ἐβαπτίσθη] before the meal, was surprised. Then the Lord said to him, “Now then, you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness.”

这法利赛人看见耶稣饭前不洗[希腊文：ἐβαπτίσθη]手便诧异。主对他说：“如今你们法利赛人洗净杯盘的外面，你们里面却满了勒索和邪恶。

  1. How does this verse help us to understand the meaning of the term βαπτίζω?

    这节经文如何能够帮助我们理解βαπτίζω的意思？

    马可福音 7:3-4 MARK 7:3-4

    “When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash [Greek: βαπτίσωνται]. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing [Greek: βαπτισμοὺς] of cups, pitchers and kettles.”

    从市上来，若不洗[希腊文：βαπτίσωνται]浴也不吃饭；还有好些别的规矩，他们历代拘守，就是洗[β希腊文：απτισμοὺς]杯、罐、铜器等物。

  2. What phrase do many ancient manuscripts have that is not in this version?

    很多古代文本包含但是这一版本当中所没有的部分是什么？

  3. How would that variant reading affect our understanding of the word βαπτίζω?

    这一差异如何影响我们对词语βαπτίζω的理解？

    使徒行传 19:1-5 ACTS 19:1-5

    While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” They answered, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

    So Paul asked, “Then what baptism did you receive?” “John’s baptism (βάπτισμα),” they replied. Paul said, “John’s baptism (βάπτισμα) was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus.” On hearing this, they were baptized (ἐβαπτίσθησαν) into the name of the Lord Jesus.”

    亚波罗在哥林多的时候，保罗经过了上边一带地方，就来到以弗所。在那里遇见几个门徒， 问他们说：“你们信的时候受了圣灵没有？”他们回答说：“没有，也未曾听见有圣灵赐下来。”

    保罗说：“这样，你们受的是什么洗(βάπτισμα)呢？”他们说：“是约翰的洗(βάπτισμα)。” 保罗说：“约翰所行的是悔改的洗，告诉百姓当信那在他以后要来的，就是耶稣。” 他们听见这话，就奉主耶稣的名受洗(ἐβαπτίσθησαν)。

  4. The word “baptize” is applied to two spiritually different baptisms. What are they?

    “施洗”这个词被用在两种属灵上不同的洗礼上。这两种洗礼是什么？

  5. In Acts 2:17 how does Peter describe baptism?

    在徒2:17当中，彼得如何描述洗礼？

  6. On the basis of this information, give a simple definition of the Greek word “baptize”:

    基于上面的信息，请写出希腊文“施洗”一词的简单定义：

OTHER USES OF THE TERM “BAPTISM” “洗”的其他用法

  1. Read Matthew 3:11 What two kinds of “baptisms” was John referring to?

    阅读太3:11。约翰所提到的两种不同的“洗”是什么？

  2. Read Luke 12:49–50. What does “baptism” mean in this verse?

    阅读路12:49-50。本节当中的“洗”是什么意思？

  3. Read 1 Corinthians 10:1-2 What does “baptism” mean in this verse?

    阅读林前10:1-2。本节当中的“洗”是什么意思？

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 家庭作业

Read the following statements about the meaning of the word “baptism”. Then give your own opinion about the statement. Do you agree or disagree with it? Is it good or bad? What do you like (or don’t like) about it? Be ready to share your answers at the beginning of the next class.

阅读下列关于“洗”这个字意思的陈述。然后给出你对于这些陈述的看法。你是否同意？该陈述是好的还是不好？对于陈述，你喜欢（或不喜欢）哪一点？请准备在下次上课开始的时候分享。

Statement 1 陈述一

“Linguistically, the Greek word baptízō need not imply baptism by immersion; at Luke 11:38 Jesus “did … wash (Greek ebaptísthē, literally “was washed”) before dinner.”

“从语言学上来说，希腊文词语baptízō不仅仅是指浸礼；在路11:38当中，耶稣‘……洗（希腊文ebaptísthē，直译就是‘被洗饭前’）’”。

Myers, A. C. (1987). In The Eerdmans Bible dictionary (p. 123). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.

Statement 2 陈述2

“Baptism refers to the act of washing associated with ritual and spiritual purification.”

“洗礼是指与仪式洁净和属灵洁净相关的洗。”

Snyder, B. J. (2014). Baptism. D. Mangum, D. R. Brown, R. Klippenstein, & R. Hurst (Eds.), Lexham Theological Wordbook. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.

Statement 3 陈述3

“In fact, the terms bapto and baptizo, the verb, and baptismas, the noun, could have been translated “immerse” and probably would have solved a lot of problems, but the translators chose to transliterate the Greek baptizo into “baptise.” They transliterated it rather than translate it because it had become such a technical term for “immersion.” So, they just transliterated it across, but that doesn’t change the meaning—it means “to immerse.”

“实际上，动词bapto、baptizo, 和名词baptismas完全可以被翻译为‘浸入’，那样就能解决很多问题。但是翻译者却选择音译，把希腊文baptizo翻译为‘baptize’。”他们选择音译而不是直接翻译，是因为其是“浸入”的一个技术性词语。所以，他们只是音译，但是那无法改变其含义——它的意思就是“浸入”。

John Macarthur: A Scriptural Critique of Infant Baptism

Read 1 Peter 3:20-21. 阅读彼前3:20-21。

Notice how in the original language of this verse Noah and his family and the world were not saved FROM water, but BY water. In other words, this verse is saying that it was the water that saved them, and not the ark. How was it that the water saved them?

请注意本节原文，诺亚和他的家人和世界不是从水里得救，而是因水得救。也就是说，这节经文说他们是因为水而得救，不是方舟。为什么是水救了他们？

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