Lesson 11 Forgiveness

Today’s study will focus on the following concept: 今天的话题将围绕如下概念进行

God’s full and complete forgiveness for the whole world will enable us
To become confident that we live each day in the grace of God’s forgiveness

神对整个世界的完全宽恕将会使我们相信自己每天都生活在神的宽恕的恩典里。

Redemption and Universal Justification

救赎和普世赦免

The Great Debate of the Church – whose sins were forgiven when Jesus died, the whole world’s sins or just a portion of the world that would eventually come to believe in Jesus? Let’s look to the Bible for our answer.

教会一直在争议—–当耶稣基督被钉死时，到底谁的罪被赦免了？是所有人的罪还是那些最终相信耶稣基督的人？我们从圣经里寻找答案。

Answer true or false for the following statements…

判断正误

According to the Bible根据圣经

——- Jesus died for all people耶稣为所有人而死

——- Jesus saved all people 耶稣拯救了全人类

——- Jesus redeemed all people耶稣救赎了全人类

——- Jesus reconciled all people to God耶稣使所有人与神和解

——- Jesus is the atoning sacrifice for all people’s sin 耶稣为所有人的赎罪祭

——- God will not forgive you unless you believe in Jesus除非你相信基督，否则神不会宽恕你

——- God will only forgive you if you are truly sorry for your sins只有你真正为自己的罪忏悔，神才会宽恕你。

Each of these statements will be answered based on our understanding of God’s forgiveness. But is our understanding of God’s forgiveness in harmony with what the Bible teaches?

所有这些陈述都基于我们对神宽恕的理解，但是这些理解和圣经的教导一致吗？

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Analyze the following story and give a response…

分析如下故事，然后给出回答。

Dad told his son NOT to play with his ball too close to the house for fear that his son might break the window. But his son did not listen to his father’s advice and chose to play near the window. Soon, that window was struck by the ball and the window broke. The young boy went and told his dad that he was sorry for disobeying his father, and that he was sorry for breaking the window. Dad said, “Son, I forgive you, but in order to make your forgiveness complete, you must now pay for the window to be replaced.”

父亲告诉儿子不要在离家很近的地方踢球，担心会撞坏玻璃。但是儿子没有听话，而是我行我素。很快，玻璃被球撞碎了。儿子告诉父亲，自己没有听从父亲而抱歉，也因为踢坏窗户而抱歉。父亲说，我原谅你，但是为了彻底宽恕你，你必须买块新的玻璃换上。

Does this story reflect the Biblical picture of God’s forgiveness for you and me? Why or why not?

这个故事形象地反映了圣经上关于神对你我的罪的宽恕吗？说出理由。

Is God’s forgiveness for our sins dependent on our confession of those sins or is our confession of sins a result of God’s unconditional forgiveness for our sins?

神是否因为我们忏悔所以才宽恕我们的罪，还是因为神无条件宽恕了我们，我们才会忏悔？

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The doctrine of justification has always been considered the heart and center of biblical, Lutheran theology. Martin Luther said, “If the article of justification is lost, all Christian doctrine is lost at the same time.”

宽恕罪的教义一直被认为是路德教会的核心。

马汀路德说过，如果失去了宽恕罪的教义，

就失去了所有基督教的教义。

Why is this true?

为什么这么说呢？

Justification comes from a Greek word

that means “to acquit,” “to pronounce and treat as righteous,” to declare ’not guilty.‘“ It clip-image011is ”that act of God by which he for Christ’s sake declares the world innocent and acquitted“ （Lutheran Cyclopedia）。 Think of a judge setting the guilty free when you hear the word justify.

宽恕罪来自于希腊文，意思是无罪释放，宣判是公正的，宣判无罪。是神的作为去宣判整个世界无罪，被无罪释放（路德教会百科全书）。想一下当我们听到法官说：”无罪“时，罪人就被释放。

Justification Covers all mankind宽恕罪涵盖全人类

John 3:16 God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.

约翰福音 3:16

神爱世人 , 甚至将他的独生子赐给他们 , 叫一切信他的 , 不至灭亡 , 反得永生 .

According to this passage, who is the object of God’s love that he sent Jesus for?
根据以上经文，神因为爱谁而把独生子赐给他们？

1 Timothy 2:5,6 There is one God and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all men—the testimony given in its proper time.

提摩太前书 2:5,6

因为只有一位神 , 在神和人中间 , 只有一位中保 , 乃是降世为人的基督耶稣 . 他舍自己作万人的赎价 . 到了时候 , 这事必证明出来 .

Who has Jesus gone between （mediator） as a ransom according to this passage?

耶稣基督做谁的中保，舍自己做谁的赎价？

1 John 2:2 He is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.

约翰一书 2:2

他为我们的罪作了挽回祭 . 不是单为我们的罪 , 也是为普天下人的罪 .

Whose sins has Jesus atoned for according to this passage?

6,耶稣为谁赎罪？

2 Corinthians 5:14 Christ’s love compels us, because we are convinced that one died for all, and therefore all died.

哥林多后书 5:14

原来基督的爱激励我们 . 因我们想一人既替众人死 , 众人就都死了 .

Who does the ”for all“ refer to when Paul says, we are convinced that Jesus died ”for all?“

7.以上经文里，替众人死，众人是谁？

1 Timothy 4:10—[God] is the Savior of all men, and especially of those who believe. 提摩太前书 4:10

我们劳苦努力 , 正是为此 . 因我们的指望在乎永生的神 . 他是万人的救主 , 更是信徒的救主 .

Why does Paul say he is the ”Savior“ of all men, but especially of those who come to faith in Jesus?
为什么说”他是万人的救主 , 更是信徒的救主 .“?

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Analyze this statement and respond…

A captain on a large ship witnessed a group of 25 people fall off of the ship into the dangerous ocean waters. So without delaying, the captain ordered his crew to throw out 25 life preservers. And with pin-point accuracy, the life preservers landed right next to all 25 people. But only 10 of them actually used their life savor. 15 of them rejected their life savor because they wanted a dinghy boat to save them instead!

This is how many treat God’s Savior that he gave for the whole world! They reject him and turn to false gods and false idols to save them. Even God’s chosen people were prone to reject God’s grace to them for idols of wood and stone. Read the following…

分析以下陈述并回答问题。

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一个大船的船长看见25人掉进凶猛的海洋里，他马上命令船员发了25个救生圈。那些船员扔的很准，25个人都可以拿到。但是只有10人用了，其他人却没有用，因为他们要救生艇来救他们。

很多人就是这样对待神赐给我们的救世主的。他们拒绝了他，并且去崇拜其他的神和偶像。甚至是神的选民也会易于拒绝神的恩典，而去寻找其他的木制石造的偶像。阅读以下：

Isaiah 41:22-24 ”Bring in your idols to tell us what is going to happen. Tell us what the former things were, so that we may consider them and know their final outcome. Or declare to us the things to come, 23tell us what the future holds, so we may know that you are gods. Do something, whether good or bad, so that we will be dismayed and filled with fear. 24 But you are less than nothing and your works are utterly worthless; he who chooses you is detestable.

God’s grace （gift） is for all…

以赛亚书

41:22可以声明 , 指示我们将来必遇的事 , 说明先前的是什么事 , 好叫我们思索 , 得知事的结局 , 或者把将来的事指示我们 .

41:23 要说明后来的事 , 好叫我们知道你们是神 , 你们或降福 , 或降祸 , 使我们惊奇 , 一同观看 .

41:24 看哪 , 你们属乎虚无 , 你们的作为也属乎虚空 . 那选择你们的是可憎恶的 .

神的恩典覆盖所有人。

Titus 2:11 The grace of God that brings salvation has appeared to all men.

提多书 2:11 因为神救众人的恩典 , 已经显明出来。

God’s Lamb removed the sins of ALL mankind…

神的羔羊已经除去了所有人的罪。

John 1:29 “Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!”

约翰福音 1:29 次日 , 约翰看见耶稣来到他那里 , 就说 , 看哪 , 神的羔羊 , 除去（或作背负）世人罪孽的 .

God no longer counts sin against mankind…

神不会再把罪归到人身上。

2 Corinthians 5:19,21 God was reconciling the world to himself in Christ, not counting men’s sins against them. . . .God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.

哥林多后书 5:19,21 这就是神在基督里叫世人与自己和好 , 不将他们的过犯归到他们身上 . 并且将这和好的道理托付了我们 .

神使那无罪的（无罪原文作不知罪） , 替我们成为罪 . 好叫我们在他里面成为神的义 .

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Martin Luther once said…

Even he who does not believe that he is free and his sins forgiven shall also learn, in due time, how assuredly his sins were forgiven, even though he did not believe it. St. Paul says in Romans 3:3 ‘Their faithlessness does not nullify the faithfulness of God.’ Many do not believe the gospel, but this does not mean that the gospel is not true or effective. A king gives you a castle. If you do not accept it, then it is not the king’s fault, nor is he guilty of a lie. But you have deceived yourself and the fault is yours. The king certainly gave it“ （Luther’s Works, American Edition, Vol. 40, pp. 366,367）。

马丁路德曾经说过：

一个不相信他的罪已经被宽恕，获得了自由的人，在合适的时候，也要了解他的罪被赦免是一个实实在在的事实，即便他不信。圣徒保罗在罗马书3:3 里说：即便有不信的 , 这有何妨呢 ? 难道他们的不信 , 就废掉神的信吗 ?许多人不相信福音，但是并不意味着福音是假的或没有效果的。就像国王给了你一个城堡，可是如果你不接受，这并不是说国王在撒谎，也并不是说国王错了。但是你已经骗了自己，这是你的错。国王确实已经给过你了。（路德文集，美国版本Vol. 40, pp. 366,367）。

Some Christians teach that Jesus only died for the sins of those people who would eventually come to believe in him. Besides the fact that the Bible doesn’t teach this about God’s forgiveness, what danger is there in this teaching?

9, 有的基督徒说，基督只为那些最终相信基督的人赎罪，除了圣经没有这样的教导之外，这个说法有什么其他的误导人的危险？

Evaluate the following two statements and determine which one is Biblical and which one will provide the sinner with greater confidence in God’s love for him…

评价如下说法，判断哪一个是依据圣经的，哪一个给了罪人对神的爱更大的信心。

God, through Jesus, has justified me because I have put my faith in him.

神通过基督，已经宣判我无罪，因为我已经相信基督。

God, through Jesus, has justified every person in the world not counting their sins against them any longer.

神通过基督，已经宣判这世界的每个人无罪，并不再惩罚他们的罪。

· Let’s be clear about the devil’s goal. He wants to take our eyes off of God’s love for us which was put on display for the whole world through the cross, which Jesus bled and died upon. And Satan desires to get each person to look elsewhere because he knows the cross saves us from our sins. If he can get us to trust in our own works, or our own Christian life because it’s filled with so many good works, he slowly destroys our faith in the fact that Juses died for our sins on the cross that has removed every sin from every human being.This very thing happened to the church in Galatia that the apostle Paul started. Read the following……

我们要清楚魔鬼的目的。他想让我们无视神的爱，这爱已经通过十字架向世人展现出来，耶稣为我们流血牺牲。魔鬼试图把我们视线从这里移开，因为他知道十字架已经救赎了我们。如果他能使我们相信我们自己的成果，或者相信自己的基督生活，因为这生活充满了我们自己的好成果和努力，魔鬼就是在慢慢地侵蚀我们的信心，侵蚀耶稣在十字架上已经为我们所有的罪而死，他已经救赎了每个人的信心。这样的事情发生在由圣徒保罗所创建的位于加拉太的教会。阅读如下：

Galatians 2:21 ”I do not set aside the grace of God, for if righteousness could be gained through the law, Christ died for nothing!“

加拉太书 2:21 我不废掉神的恩 . 义若是借着律法得的 , 基督就是徒然死了 .

Why did Paul conclude that Jesus ”died for nothing“ if we could gain access to heaven by our obedience?

10 为什么保罗说：如果我们能因为遵从神而进入天堂，基督就是徒然死了。

Galatians 3:1-3 You foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you? Before your very eyes Jesus Christ was clearly portrayed as crucified. I would like to learn just one thing from you: Did you receive the Spirit by observing the law, or by believing what you heard? Are you so foolish? After beginning with the Spirit, are you now trying to attain your goal by human effort?

加拉太书 3:1—3

无知的加拉太人哪 , 耶稣基督钉十字架 , 已经活画在你们眼前 , 谁又迷惑了你们呢 ?我只要问你们这一件 , 你们受了圣灵 , 是因行律法呢 ? 是因听信福音呢 ?你们既靠圣灵入门 , 如今还靠肉身成全吗 ? 你们是这样的无知吗 ?

How had the Galatians received the Spirit?

11 加拉太人是如何受了圣灵的？

How were they trying to attain their goal through human effort?
他们如何通过人的肉体的努力达到目标的？

Galatians 3:10-14 All who rely on observing the law are under a curse, for it is written: ”Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law.“ Clearly no one is justified before God by the law, because, ”The righteous will live by faith.“ The law is not based on faith; on the contrary, ”The man who does these things will live by them.“ Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: ”Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree.“ He redeemed us in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles through Christ Jesus, so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit.

加拉太书 3:10—14

3:10 凡以行律法为本的 , 都是被咒诅的 . 因为经上记着 , 凡不常照律法书上所记一切之事去行的 , 就被咒诅 .

3:11 没有一个人靠着律法在神面前称义 , 这是明显的 . 因为经上说 , 义人必因信得生 .

3:12 律法原不本乎信 , 只说 , 行这些事的 , 就必因此活着 .

3:13 基督既为我们受了咒诅 , （受原文作成）就赎出我们脱离律法的咒诅 . 因为经上记着 , 凡挂在木头上都是被咒诅的 .

3:14 这便叫亚伯拉罕的福 , 因基督耶稣可以临到外邦人 , 使我们因信得着所应许的圣灵 .

Why are those who try to become righteous in God’s eyes by observing the law actually under a curse?

13 为什么那些靠遵守律法而使自己在神面前称义的人，最后受了诅咒？

Why is this so important when dealing with a sinner trying to understand his own forgiveness from God?

14当一个罪人努力去理解神的宽恕的时候，为什么这一点很重要，？

How can the righteous hope to live eternally?
称义的人如何才能获得永生？

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Evaluate the following story…

A 20 year-old man came into church for the first time and after the service was over he asked if he could speak to the pastor. After sitting down with the pastor, the young man poured out his soul to the minister. ”I’m tired of my life,“ he said. ”I have a child out of wed-lock. I have no money. I’m currently living with another woman who I don’t get

along with. Every weekend I go out and get drunk.“ The young man then turned to the preacher and said, ”I want to do whatever it takes to become a Christian. What do I have to do? I will do anything.“

The minister said, ”You don’t have to do anything. In fact, you can’t do anything. Christianity is not a process by which we attain a spiritual goal. Christianity is about knowing and believing in one single truth: God has sent you a Savior. And that Savior has come into this world to bleed and die for the sins of the entire world. Yes, he even died for your sins of premarital sex; he died for your drunkenness; he died for your complete wayward life. And this is completely true, whether you believe it or not. Now, believe this message, and all what Jesus has accomplished for you shall become personally yours through faith.“

评判如下故事。

一个20岁的小伙子第一次来到教堂，礼拜结束后，他请求是否可以与牧师交谈。坐下来后，他向牧师敞开心扉，他说：我厌倦了生活，我有一个私生子，我没有钱，现在和一个相处不来的女人生活，每周末我都出去，灌的烂醉。我想做一个基督徒，无论需要我做什么都行，我要成为基督徒 .需要做什么？

牧师说，你不需要做任何事，因为你也没有能力做到任何事情。基督教不是一个我们借以达到灵性目标的过程。而是了解并且相信一点：神已经把救赎者给了人，这个救赎者已经来到这世界为所有人流血牺牲，赎罪。他也为你的婚前性行为赎罪了，为你的酗酒赎罪了，为你不规矩的生活赎罪。这些都是真实的，不管你是否相信。现在，请相信这一点：基督为你成就的，已经通过信心，变成了你自己的东西。

· When dealing with sinners who feel lost, objective truth does not change based on whether they believe the truth or not. It just means that they will either benefit from the truth or not benefit from it. Consider the following event…

对于那些迷失的人，客观真理不随他们是否相信这些真理而改变，而是仅仅意味着，他们是否可以获得益处。思考如下事件：

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Analyze

A father bought his 16 year-old son a brand new bicycle for his birthday so that he could ride it to school instead of having to walk to school. But the son wanted a motorcycle instead of a bike. As a result the son became so angry with the gift from his father that he refused to use it. Because of his stubborn refusal, the father in turn gave the gift to his little sister, who graciously accepted the gift from her father and utilized the bicycle. The 16 year-old boy will never be able

to say that his father didn’t love him or that he didn’t give to him a gift. So it is that nobody in clip-image022this world whoever breathed will ever be able to say that there Father in heaven did not give to them the gift of forgiveness. Because the truth is that he did give Jesus as a gift to all that all might believe and be saved.

父亲给儿子买了一辆崭新的自行车，以便儿子不用走路上学了。可是儿子想要摩托车而不是自行车，所以儿子对父亲的礼物很生气，拒绝使用自行车。因为儿子固执的拒绝了它，父亲把它送给女儿，女儿欣然接受了，并且一直使用。儿子将永远不能说父亲没有送他礼物，或父亲不爱他。所以，这世界所有的人不能说天父没有给予他们宽恕，因为神确实把耶稣送给我们，使那些相信的人获拯救。

Acts 13:46,47 Then Paul and Barnabas answered them boldly: ”We had to speak the word of God to you first. Since you reject it and do not consider yourselves worthy of eternal life, we now turn to the Gentiles. 47 For this is what the Lord has commanded us: “‘I have made you a light for the Gentiles, that you may bring salvation to the ends of the earth.’”

使徒行传13:46,47

保罗和巴拿巴放胆说 , 神的道先讲给你们 , 原是应当的 , 只因你们弃绝这道 , 断定自己不配得永生 , 我们就转向外邦人去 .因为主曾这样吩咐我们说 , 我已经立你作外邦人的光 , 叫你施行救恩直到地极 .

What does Jesus teach us about a young and immature faith that has just come to know and believe in his love for him in the cross? Read the following…

耶稣是如何教导我们，当一个幼嫩不成熟的信心刚刚开始了解和相信耶稣被订十字架时给予他的爱？阅读以下。

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Matthew 13:3-9 Then he told them many things in parables, saying: “A farmer went out to sow his seed. 4 As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up. 5 Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow. 6 But when the sun came up, the

plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root. 7 Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the plants. 8 Still other seed fell on good soil, where it produced a crop—a hundred, sixty or thirty times what was sown. 9 He who has ears, let him hear.”

马太福音 13:3-9

他用比喻对他们讲许多道理 , 说 , 有一个撒种的出去撒种 .

13:4 撒的时候 , 有落在路旁的 , 飞鸟来吃尽了 .

13:5 有落在土浅石头地上的 . 土既不深 , 发苗最快 .

13:6 日头出来一晒 , 因为没有根 , 就枯干了 .

13:7 有落在荆棘里的 . 荆棘长起来 , 把它挤住了 .

13:8 又有落在好土里的 , 就结实 , 有一百倍的 , 有六十倍的 , 有三十倍的 .

13:9 有耳可听的 , 就应当听 .

Give meaning to the following expressions of our Savior…

解释如下话语：

Birds came and ate the seed on the path

有落在路旁的 , 飞鸟来吃尽了 .

Some seed fell on rocky soil

有落在土浅石头地上的 .

Some seed fell on thorny ground

有落在荆棘里的 .

Some seed fell on good soil

又有落在好土里的。

What percent of seed never survived the harvest?

百分之多少的种子没有结果？

What percent of seed was harvested into an enormous crop?

百分之多少的种子收成很好？

How many people live in the world today?

当前世界有多少人？

How many claim Christianity as their official faith in this world?

多少人宣称基督教是自己正式的信仰？

What percentage of the world claims Christianity as it’s faith?

多少人宣称基督教是自己的信仰？

What percentage of the world worships false gods?

多少人在信仰其他的假神？

If faith in Jesus is not nurtured, then like the 15 people who fell into the ocean who were waiting for a boat to come by and save them, they will quickly fall away and perish. But it’s not because they weren’t forgiven or sent a Savior. It was because they rejected their only Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ.

如果不培育自己对基督的信仰，就像那些掉进大海等待有船来救他们的15人一样，信仰会很快消失，死掉。并不是因为他们没有被宽恕，没有派来耶稣基督进行救赎，而是他们拒绝了唯一的救主。

Here’s why Objective Justification is so important for us to believe. Famed American Psychiatrist, Karl Menninger, once said that if he could convince the patients in psychiatric hospitals that their sins were forgiven, 75% of them would walk out of the clinic the next day!

这就是为什么我们一定要相信客观宽恕这个真理。著名美国精神病学家卡尔，曼宁格，说，如果他能够使那些精神病患者信服，他们已经获得了宽恕，75%的人就会第二天出院。

The very thing that the Christian struggles with the most in life is confidence in their own personal forgiveness through the cross. What a beautiful message we have for such a person! God has taken away your sin long before you ever believed the message. “God was reconciling the world to himself not counting men’s sins against them anymore” （2 Corinthians 5:19）。

一个基督徒在生活中大部分时间挣扎的事情是他是否确信自己通过耶稣被订十字架获得了救赎和宽恕。对这样的人，我们有好消息给他们：远在你相信之前，神就除去了你的罪。

哥林多后书 5:19

这就是神在基督里叫世人与自己和好 , 不将他们的过犯归到他们身上 . 并且将这和好的道理托付了我们 .

Once we convince the Christian of this objective truth, then it’s time to work on personal growth in our Savior’s love, which only comes through a continual hearing and receiving of the gospel.

一旦基督徒相信了这个客观真理，就可以使自己在基督的爱里成长，这只能通过不断的了解和接受福音来完成。

Which of the following two statements is more accurate? Explain your answer.

God will justify you if you believe.
God has justified you. Believe.

如下哪个陈述更准确？解释理由。

1如果你相信，神就会宽恕你的罪。

2神已经宽恕了你的罪，请相信这一点。

Now take the following test you took at the beginning of our lesson.

现在，把这个课程开始的测试再做一遍。

According to the Bible 根据圣经

——- Jesus died for all people耶稣为所有人而死

——- Jesus saved all people 耶稣拯救了全人类

——- Jesus redeemed all people耶稣救赎了全人类

——- Jesus reconciled all people to God耶稣使所有人与神和解

——- Jesus is the atoning sacrifice for all people’s sin 耶稣为所有人的赎罪祭

——- God will not forgive you unless you believe in Jesus除非你相信基督，否则神不会宽恕你

——- God will only forgive you if you are truly sorry for your sins只有你真正为自己的罪忏悔，神才会宽恕你。

——- Believing in Jesus by faith allows us to enjoy eternal benefits of our Savior’s forgiveness!

——- 相信耶稣基督就能使我们获得救主的宽恕所带来的永远的益处。

1 John 3:1 How great is the love the Father has lavished on us, that we should be called children of God! And that is what we are! The reason the world does not know us is that it did not know him.

约翰一书 3:1你看父赐给我们是何等的慈爱 , 使我们得称为神的儿女 . 我们也真是他的儿女 . 世人所以不认识我们 , 是因未曾认识他 .

最后更新于 2013年9月11日星期三 07:58

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